/*
 * Copyright (c) 1995, 1996 Gunther Schadow.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */

#include "results.h"
#include "LOINC.h"
#include "Unit.h"
#include "exception.h"
#include "logfile.h"
#include <ctype.h>

const char *specimen_for_LOINC(const ZStyp &ss)
{
  switch((SpeTypeCode::Value)ss.Type) {
  case SpeTypeCode::Blood:
    switch((SpeSouCode::Value)ss.Sou) {
    case SpeSouCode::Art:      return "BLDA";
    case SpeSouCode::Cap:      return "BLDC";
    case SpeSouCode::Ven:      return "BLDV";
    case SpeSouCode::MixedVen: return "BLDV"; // LOINC has no BLDVM
    case SpeSouCode::NotSpe:
    default:                   return "BLDA";
    }
  case SpeTypeCode::Gas:       return "GAS";
  case SpeTypeCode::Urine:     return "UR";
  default: return "";
  }
  
  /*
  // the following are implicit specimen
  "IHG", // inhaled gas
  "PAT", // patient
  "BLD", // simply blood where artherial/venous is meaningless (e.g. E'lytes)
  */
}

const char *specimen_for_the_world(const ZStyp &ss)
{
  switch((SpeTypeCode::Value)ss.Type) {
  case SpeTypeCode::Blood:
    switch((SpeSouCode::Value)ss.Sou) {
    case SpeSouCode::Art:      return "BLDA";
    case SpeSouCode::Cap:      return "BLDC";
    case SpeSouCode::Ven:      return "BLDV";
    case SpeSouCode::MixedVen: return "BLDVM"; // FIXME! LOINC has no BLDVM
    case SpeSouCode::NotSpe:
    default:                   return "BLD";
    }
  case SpeTypeCode::Gas:       return "GAS";
  case SpeTypeCode::Urine:     return "UR";
  default: return "";
  }
}

Unit un_one;
Unit un_percent;
Unit un_ph;

// LOINC PROPERTIES

class property {

#define PCT    0
#define NFR    1
#define SFR    2
#define VFR    3
#define MFR    4
#define AFRp(x) ((PCT <= x) && (x <= MFR))
#define SCNC   5
#define PH     6
#define MCNCb  7
#define MCNC   8
#define ACNC   9
#define ACNCp(x) ((SCNC <= x) && (x <= ACNC))
#define PRES  10
#define PPRES 11
#define APRESp(x) ((PRES <= x) && (x <= PPRES))
#define TEMP  12
#define NPROP 13

public:
  const char *name;
  Unit unit;

  property() {}
  property(const char * const n, Unit u) { name = n; unit = u; };

  static property tab[NPROP];

  static num(Unit iu)
  {
    Unit::dimension id = dim(iu);
    
    for(u_int i = 0; i < NPROP; i++)
      if(dim(tab[i].unit) == id) return i;
    
    ERROR("LOINC property not found for unit: `%s'", (const char *)iu);
  }

  static void init()
  {
    tab[PCT]  = property("PCT", un_percent);
    tab[NFR]  = property("NFR", un_percent);
    tab[SFR]  = property("SFR", un_percent);
    tab[VFR]  = property("VFR", un_percent);
    tab[MFR]  = property("MFR", un_percent);
    tab[SCNC] = property("SCNC",  "MMOL/L");
    tab[ACNC] = property("ACNC",  "MMOL/L");
    tab[PH]   = property("SCNC",  "PH");
    tab[MCNCb]= property("MCNC",  "G/DL");
    tab[MCNC] = property("MCNC",  "MG/DL");
    tab[PRES] = property("PRES",  "KPAL");
    tab[PPRES]= property("PRES", "KPAL"); // new LOINC version uses PPRES
    tab[TEMP] = property("TEMP",  "CEL");
  }
};

property property::tab[NPROP];

void init()
{
  un_one = "1";
  un_percent = "%";
  un_ph = "pH";
  property::init();
}

// translate between Radiometer and ISO+ units
Unit unit(const IDtyp &un)
{
  if(!un.ispresent() || un.isnull())
    return un_one;
  else
    {
      const char *uns = (const char *)un;
      
#define EQ(s1,s2) ((tolower(*s1) == *s2) && (strcasecmp(&s1[1],&s2[1]) == 0))

      if(EQ(uns,"mmhg"))
	return "MM(HG)";
      if(EQ(uns,"kpa"))
	return "KPAL";
      if(EQ(uns,"torr"))
	return "MM(HG)";
      if(EQ(uns,"vol %"))
	return "%";
      if(EQ(uns,"c"))
	return "DEGC";
      if(EQ(uns,"f"))
	return "DEGF";
      else
	return uns;
    }
}

/* The following function maps the Radiometer representation of
 *
 *  * measurement
 *  * unit
 *  * specimen (already in LOINC coding)
 *  * observation value
 *
 * into LOINC code / ISO+ unit representation, where the observation value
 * is converted if the unit is to be changed.
 */
void
toLOINC(const ZTtyp &iMs, const IDtyp &iUn, STtyp spec, // in
	NMtyp &val,                                     // in + out
	Loinc &loinc, Unit &ounit)                      // out
{
  loinc.unset();

  /* there must be a value for anything here to make sense */
  if(!val.ispresent() || val.isnull()) return;

  // value
  double ival = (double)val;
  double oval = ival;
  u_int  prec = val.getPrecision();

  // unit & properties
  Unit  iunit = unit(iUn);
  ounit = iunit;
  u_int iprop = property::num(iunit);
  u_int oprop = iprop;

  // optional conversion constant
  double cval;
  Unit  cunit;

  // LOINC parameter name
  const char *par = NULL;

  switch((ParaMeterNameCode::Value)iMs.ParaMeterName) {

  // BLOOD GAS PARTIAL PRESSURES
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Pco2: // PPRES,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "CARBON DIOXIDE";
    oprop = PPRES;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Pco2T: // PPRES,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "CARBON DIOXIDE^^ADJUSTED TO BODY TEMPERATURE";
    oprop = PPRES;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Po2: // PPRES,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "OXYGEN";
    oprop = PPRES;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Po2T: // PPRES,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "OXYGEN^^ADJUSTED TO BODY TEMPERATURE";
    oprop = PPRES;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::P50Act: // PPRES,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "OXYGEN^^SATURATION ADJUSTED TO 0.5";
    oprop = PPRES;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::P50ActT: // PPRES,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "OXYGEN^^SATURATION ADJUSTED TO 0.5 AND BODY TEMPERATURE";
    oprop = PPRES;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::P50St:  // PPRES,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "OXYGEN^^SATURATION ADJUSTED TO 0.5 STANDARD";
    oprop = PPRES;
    break;

  // HYDROGENCARBONAT AND BASE EXCESS
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Hco3:
    par = "BICARBONATE"; // SCNC,BLD/BLDA/BLDC/UR
    oprop = SCNC;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Sbc:
    par = "BICARBONATE^^STANDARD"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDV/BLDC
    oprop = SCNC;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Abe:
    par = "BASE EXCESS"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    oprop = SCNC;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Sbe:
    par = "BASE EXCESS^^STANDARD"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDV/BLDC
    oprop = SCNC;
    break;

  // HEMOGLOBIN & HEMATOCRIT
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Hct: // NFR,BLD
    par = "HEMATOCRIT";
    oprop = NFR;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Thb: // MCNC,BLD/UR
    par = "HEMOGLOBIN";    
    cval = 16.113439;
    cunit = "kg/mol";
    oprop = MCNCb;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::O2hb: // NFR,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "OXYHEMOGLOBIN.TOTAL";
    oprop = NFR;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Rhb: // SFR,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN";
    oprop = SFR;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Methb: // MFR,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "METHEMOGLOBIN";
    oprop = NFR;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Cohb: // NFR,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "CARBON MONOXIDE.HEMOGLOBIN";
    oprop = NFR;
    break;

  // INERT TO ARTERIAL/VENOUS DIFFERENTIATION
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Hbf: // SFR,BLD
    par = "HEMOGLOBIN F";
    oprop = SFR;
    goto inert;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Shb: // SFR,BLD
    par = "SULFHEMOGLOBIN";
    oprop = SFR;
    goto inert;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Na: // SCNC,BLD/UR
    par = "SODIUM";
    oprop = SCNC;
    goto inert;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::K: // SCNC,BLD/UR
    par = "POTASSIUM";
    oprop = SCNC;
    goto inert;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Ca: // SCNC,BLD
    par = "CALCIUM.FREE";
    oprop = SCNC;
    goto inert;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Ca74: // SCNC,BLD
    par = "CALCIUM.FREE^^PH ADJUSTED TO 7.4";
    oprop = SCNC;
    goto inert;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Cl: // SCNC,BLD/UR
    par = "CHLORIDE";
    oprop = SCNC;
    goto inert;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Glu: // ACNC,BLD/UR
    par = "GLUCOSE";
    oprop = MCNC;
    cval = 180;    
    cunit = "g/mol";
    loinc.setMethod("");
    goto inert;

  inert:
    if(spec != "UR")
      spec = "BLD";
    break;

  // ANION GAP, is a differentiation about A/C/V needed?
  case ParaMeterNameCode::AnionGapK: // SCNC,BLD
    par = "ANION GAP^^INCLUDING POTASSIUM";
    oprop = SCNC;
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::AnionGap: // SCNC,BLD
    par = "ANION GAP";
    oprop = SCNC;
    break;

  // CONTENTS
  case ParaMeterNameCode::O2cap:
    par = "OXYGEN BINDING CAPACITY"; // SCNC,BLD
    spec  = "BLD";
    goto content;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Tco2B:
    par = "CARBON DIOXIDE.TOTAL"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    goto content;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Tco2P:
    par = "CARBON DIOXIDE.TOTAL"; // SCNC,PLAS
    spec = "PLAS";
    goto content;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::To2:
    par = "OXYGEN.TOTAL"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV

  content:
    oprop = SCNC;
    cval = 22.41;
    cunit = "l/mol";
    break;

  // SATURATION
  case ParaMeterNameCode::So2:  // SFR,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV
    par = "OXYGEN SATURATION";
    oprop = SFR;
    break;

  // pH
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Ph:		
    par = "PH"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDC/BLDV/UR
    goto pH;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::PhSt:
    par = "PH^^STANDARD"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDV/BLDC/UR
    goto pH;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::PhT:
    par = "PH^^ADJUSTED TO BODY TEMPERATURE"; // SCNC,BLDA/BLDV/BLDC/UR

  pH:
    oprop = PH;
    if(iunit == un_one) // i.e. if it went to default
      iunit = un_ph; // use pseudo unit `PH'
    break;

  // GAS
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Fio2:
    par = "OXYGEN INHALED"; // NFR,IHG
    oprop = PCT;
    spec = "IHG";
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::Co2:
    par = "CARBON DIOXIDE"; // NFR,GAS
    oprop = NFR;
    goto gas;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::O2:
    par = "OXYGEN"; // NFR,GAS
    oprop = NFR;
    goto gas;
  gas:
    spec = "GAS";
    break;

  case ParaMeterNameCode::T:
    par = "BODY TEMPERATURE"; // TEMP,PAT
    oprop = TEMP;
    spec = "PAT";
    break;
  case ParaMeterNameCode::B:
    par = "BAROMETRIC PRESSURE"; // PRES,GAS
    oprop = PRES;
    spec = "GAS";
    break;
  default:
    LOGINFO("unhandled parameter `%s'", (const char *)iMs.ParaMeterName);
    return;
  }

  // adjusting the property

  ounit = property::tab[oprop].unit;

  if(ounit != iunit) // need a conversion
    {
      if(dim(ounit) != dim(iunit)) // need a constant
	{
	  if(cunit.ispresent()) // have a constant
	    {
	      // determine use of constant
	      // remember that the is u and v are units then
	      //     dim(u * v) = dim(u) + dim(v)
	      // and dim(u / v) = dim(u) - dim(v)
	      if(dim(iunit) + dim(cunit) == dim(ounit))
		{
		  ival = ival * cval;
		  iunit = iunit * cunit;
		}
	      else if(dim(iunit) - dim(cunit) == dim(ounit))
		{
		  ival = ival / cval;
		  iunit = iunit / cunit;
		}
	      else // no way!
		{
		  LOGWARNING("no way to convert %s from %s to %s" 
			     "unsing %0.2f %s",
			     par,
			     (const char *)iunit,
			     (const char *)ounit,
			     cval, (const char *)cunit);
		  oval = ival;
		  ounit = iunit;
		  goto after_conversion;
		}
	    }
	  else // don't have constant
	    {
	      LOGWARNING("incommensurable units for %s have %s need %s",
			 par,
			 (const char *)iunit,
			 (const char *)ounit);
	      oval = ival;
	      ounit = iunit;
	      goto after_conversion;
	    }
	}

      oval = convert(ival, iunit, ounit);
      
    after_conversion:
      val = NMtyp(oval, prec + 1); // FIXME adding one is not the final way
    }
  
  loinc.setMeasure(par);
  loinc.setSpecimen(spec);
  loinc.setProperty(property::tab[oprop].name);

  if(! loinc.lookup())
    {
      LOGWARNING("unable to find a LOINC code for:\n"
		 "  MEASURE  = %s\n"
		 "  SPECIMEN = %s\n"
		 "  PROPERTY = %s\n",
		 par, (const char *)spec, property::tab[oprop].name); 
    }

  return;
}